Essay --

My Capstone will be the substitution of maturing Microsoft Windows XP business PCs with fresher PCs running Microsoft Windows 7. In spite of the fact that Windows 8.1 is as of now accessible, I have decided to send Windows 7 for a heap of reasons. Windows 7 has picked up notoriety and a notoriety for being a strong trade for Windows XP. I have worked (formally) in the IT field for more than 4 years now, and have been engaged with numerous Windows 7 movement ventures. I will utilize my past experience, notwithstanding my recently evolved aptitudes, to deliver a fruitful arrangement for revealing this working framework on a boundless premise. As far as I can tell, undertakings, for example, this are not arranged well indeed. I will likely ensure that each part of this venture is completely reported, so the means might be repeated varying for this task or copied for future activities. This task will be insightfully arranged from beginning to end, with plainly set desires. Obviously, in reality, not all things can be represented at that point, and one must be adaptable with the execution of an undertaking of this size, yet with the best possible arranging any hindrance can be survived. â€Æ' Audit of other work During my residency as an IT proficient and during the readiness of this undertaking, I have finished innumerable long periods of examination and performed numerous hands-on tests. One of the contextual analyses I have investigated is the Windows 7 relocation for Boeing, based out of Chicago, IL. Boeing verified that they expected to guarantee a worldwide business methodology, with an expanded serious edge and insignificant effect on workers. So as to achieve this, their IT office performed a half year of availability testing on 3,800 applications, 1,800 of which were resolved to... ...em to lessen staff by 25%. Their new, current foundation is presently simpler to regulate, and they had the option to exploit more up to date productive applications that were unrealistic previously, for example, Microsoft Office Communications Server and SCCM for fix the board and application conveyance. Clients had the option to find a workable pace rapidly with the recognizable interface, and generally reviews indicated that representatives were satisfied without hardly lifting a finger of utilization of the new frameworks, the same number of were at that point utilizing more up to date working frameworks and programming at home. The new condition is currently progressively secure, which implies less fixing for framework engineers and less time spent dealing with machines. Incorporation of highlights like the Snipping Tool dispensed with the requirement for outsider programming (and extra expense). PDO additionally decreased force utilization by utilizing the force choices planning highlights remembered for Windows 7.

European Year of Education through Sport 2004 Essay

Research, break down and basically inspect the (European Union’s) European Year of Education through Sport 2004, outlining your answer with models from European nations. Game has been a significant field for the presentation of well known European qualities since the time the absolute initially recorded Ancient Olympics were held at Olympia in 776 B.C. The Olympics of Ancient Greece and in this way the cutting edge Olympics offered ascend to the philosophy of Olympism, a lifestyle that exemplifies through game these characteristics and qualities. In the years that have passed, the changing substance of game has displayed and re-demonstrated itself in accordance with contemporary patterns and mechanical progressions, however the center convictions have continued as before. While and still, after all that in its outset, sport needed to manage pay off and defilement, with legislative issues and corporate greed; similar shades of malice that have tormented the wearing scene at the most significant level from that point forward; sport has endure, and the ethos of game and Olympism keep on being proclaimed as the model of wellbeing, imperativeness and good ness. In September 2003 a ‘Eurobarometer’ overview was completed, so as to set up the overall population sentiments towards training through game. The outcomes it returned were unswerving in their help. Very nearly 66% of the review test refered to solidarity as the most significant brandishing esteem, while 70% were agreeable to a harder crackdown on doping in sport. Among different disclosures of a comparative pattern it is prominent that the 2 most noteworthy reactions when inquired as to whether the EU ought to accomplish more to advance training through game were those of Greece (90% said yes) and Portugal (85%). These obviously will be the 2 principle central focuses for wearing greatness in 2004; facilitating the Olympic Games and the European Football Championships individually. Unmistakably the authorities of the European Union offer the conviction that the conspicuous qualities and medical advantages that can be collected from training through game are attractive. Following the finish of the Eurobarometer study and further research, a spending plan totalling à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½11.5 million was made accessible explicitly for the activity they named ‘The European Year of Education through Sport’ (EYES). The distribution of the spending plan is partitioned, in straightforward terms, as depicted on the InfoBase Europe site, (www.ibeurope.com): ‘A financial plan of à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½11.5 million will be accessible to help gatherings, battles and occasions intended to promote the points of the Year all through the European Union.’ While à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½11.5 million may show up from the start to be a considerable sum, further assessment uncovers in any case. To be oversimplified in investigation, let us state that the assets were similarly separated among the European Union’s 15 part expresses; this would leave à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½766,667 (or à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½522,575 [source: www.xe.com]) per country to circulate inside to cover the whole year. This would work out at around à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½14,744 or à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½10,050 every week for the entire nation, far not exactly the pay of some expert competitors. The UK part of EYES has 3 ‘key objectives’: 1. Advance EYES in the UK and on a container European premise. 2. Give whatever number individuals as could be expected under the circumstances access to the work being embraced during the EYES 2004 program. 3. Connect increasingly youngsters in physical movement and game, upgrading different improvements in the field in the UK. These destinations run corresponding with those of the EU in general (see annexe 1). As far as advancement, the activity is being initiated by a ‘All-Star team’ of mainstream previous and current stars of European game; the most recognizable of these maybe being Jurgen Klinsmann, Clarence Seedorf, Amelie Mauresmo and Sir Steven Redgrave. Close by these 5 are another 37 people (just as the Latvian National Football Team), extending from globally celebrated to some degree dark, every one of whom are focused on â€Å"actively supporting the campaign†. (http://www.eyes-2004.info/254.0.html) There is by all accounts a strong base from which to manufacture a genuine Europe-wide achievement. Notwithstanding the All-Star Team, EYES can flaunt accomplices from all over Europe, from a wide range of sports just as numerous Governmental services and Educational Associations, 4 TV Channels and, maybe most essentially, Sponsorship from VISA and the German travel organization Vietentours. There will positively be a lot of exposure encompassing EYES as the year goes on. The logo, joined by its trademark (â€Å"move your body, stretch your mind†) will be in plain view at almost 200 occasions during 2004, including the Olympic Games, the Paralympic Games and Euro 2004. Apparently from a special perspective, just as the framework, the EU has took care of business. There will be a lot of chances for individuals to get some answers concerning and take part in EYES. In any case, at that point what? Regardless of whether we were to cover the whole landmass with an attention to EYES; regardless of whether each school in each country took an interest; what next? 2005 won't be the ‘European Year of Education through Sport, II’. Most likely the need must be to set out the establishments for future and proceeding with training through game all through the mainland? Any ‘continuing legacy’ or suchlike goes unmentioned in the points and goals areas of EYES on both the official site and InfoBase. The spotlight is by all accounts on getting whatever number individuals inspired by sport as could be expected under the circumstances, at that point accepting their eagerness will stay at a consistent level moving along without any more advancement. It suggests a degree of naivety as far as the EU’s consciousness of the apparently evident extra curiosity esteem that can be related with most momentary administrative and container European occasions of this kind. There is no capacity set up to keep the venture from slipping into history without having had any genuine long haul effect to the training of the general population through proceeding with investment in sport. The official UK site (www.eyes2004.org) contains data for schools on the most proficient method to get included, news reports on EYES undertakings and media discharges, and online difficulties for schools to partake in by contributing outcomes from various exercises into a database to make ‘live, ‘on-line’ rivalry between schools’ (http://www.eyes2004challenges.org/splash.htm) This endeavors to address the ‘access’ point of the site; regardless of whether it does this remaining parts to be seen. As far as I can tell, the endeavors of the British arm of the undertaking so far seem to have been poor, particularly on the limited time side. Open mindfulness is by all accounts non-existent; I have referenced EYES to numerous individuals, youthful and old, at each degree of the instruction framework; from my neighbours’ elementary younger students to my multi year old sibling, to my Mother, (a task chief at the neighborhood sixth structure school). Neither any of them, nor any of the others I addressed were beforehand mindful of the EYES. While I am mindful that this easygoing inspecting can't be considered in any capacity to be demonstrative of the whole British populace, they don’t precisely infer a resonating achievement of the task in my neighborhood. Be that as it may, it is imperative to take note of that in this, as in all cases, just 4 months of the year have passed and there is still time for attention to be made. There are 5 ventures as of now running here in the UK: The utilization of game and training for the social consideration of haven searchers and evacuees. (Loughborough University) Fundamental Skills and Education through Sport (Hull City Council) New beginning system (UK Sport) Learning Through Football: Euro 2004 (Football Association) Leeds Education Activity Partnership (Leeds City Council) http://www.eyes2004.org/projectnews.htm The main task on the rundown features the poor limited time angle consummately. While it is being run here at Loughborough University; the degree of attention to the undertaking itself and of EYES in general has been insignificant. Mainland Europe, be that as it may, may end up being an alternate story. While the British Physical Education framework is similarly loose in its decentralization, potentially prompting the previously mentioned inadequacy in the spread of the EYES message, the French political foundation, for instance, may demonstrate an undeniably increasingly powerful and proficient vehicle for the advancement of EYES because of its exceptionally incorporated nature. Another perspective is to advance the estimation of intentional work for the youthful and the advantages it can accommodate casual instruction. A case of this is in Portugal where by The Portuguese Youth Institute bolstered by the European Voluntary Service are giving youngsters younger than 16 the chance to assist in European Football Championships 2004 as ball young men and holding banners and standards before games. The point of the plan is to bring youngsters from various networks and racial foundations together through willful interest in sport. It might likewise be contended that, while 2004 may have at first seemed, by all accounts, to be the perfect year for EYES, with 2 globally lofty games being facilitated in Europe; the truth might be to some degree diverse in that EYES could well be eclipsed to the point of irrelevance by both Euro 2004 and the Athens Olympics. To offer a decisive expression about the achievement of EYES at this beginning time in the year would I feel be to some degree na㠯⠿â ½ve. It very well may be said notwithstanding, that the correct structure squares have been instituted so as to make it a triumph. The framework and the hierarchical viewpoint is sufficiently sweeping to be useful to the entire mainland; while staying brought together enough in key regions to concentrate on similar objectives. The special side is again set up right, with agents from numerous games and numerous nations being included from the prominent to the less impressive. While the indications of I

How Bottom-Up Processing Works

How Bottom-Up Processing Works Basics Print How Bottom-Up Processing Works By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on February 06, 2020 More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming Bottom-up processing is an explanation for perception that involves starting with an incoming stimulus and working upwards until a representation of the object is formed in our minds. This process suggests that our perceptual experience is based entirely on the sensory stimuli that we piece together using only data that is available from our senses. In order to make sense of the world, we must take in energy from the environment and convert it to neural signals, a process known as sensation. It is in the next step of the process, known as perception, that our brains interpret these sensory signals. Verywell / Emily Roberts   Definition How exactly do people process perceptual information from the world around them? There are two basic approaches to understanding how this sensation and perception takes place. One of these is known as bottom-up processing and the other is known as top-down processing. Bottom-Up Focuses on incoming sensory data Takes place in real time More data driven Top-Down Uses previous experience and expectations Info is interpreted using contextual clues Bottom-up processing can be defined as sensory analysis that begins at the entry levelâ€"with what our senses can detect. This form of processing begins with sensory data and goes up to the brains integration of this sensory information. Information is carried in one direction starting with the retina and proceeding to the visual cortex. This process suggests that processing begins with perception of the stimuli and is fueled by basic mechanisms developed through evolution. Unlike top-down processing, bottom-up processing is purely data-driven and requires no previous knowledge or learning. Bottom-up processing takes place as it happens. For example, if you see an  image of an individual letter  on your screen, your eyes transmit the information to your brain, and your brain puts all of this information together. How It Works The theory of bottom-up processing was introduced by psychologist E. J. Gibson, who took a direct approach to the understanding of perception. Rather than being dependent upon learning and context, Gibson felt that perception was a “what you see is what you get” process.?? He argued that sensation and perception are the same thing. Because Gibson’s theory suggests that processing can be understood solely in terms of environmental stimuli, it is something referred to as the ecological theory of perception. The bottom-up processing works like this: We experience sensory information about the world around us, such as light levels from our environment.These signals are brought to the retina. Transduction transforms these signals into electrical impulses that can then be transmitted.Electrical impulses travel along visual pathways to the brain, where they enter the visual cortex and are processed to form our visual experience. This approach to understanding perception is an example of reductionism. Rather than looking at perception more holistically, including how sensory information, visual processes, and expectations contribute to how we see the world, bottom-up processing breaks the process down into its most basic elements. How Psychologists Use Reductionism to Understand Behavior Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Processing You can compare how bottom-up processing works to how top-down processing works by considering examples of how each process works. Imagine that you see a somewhat obscure shape. If you saw the shape on its own, using bottom-up processing, you might immediately perceive it as a capital letter B. Now if someone were to place that image next to other context clues, such as next to the numbers 12 and 14, you might them perceive it as the number 13 rather than a capital B. In this case, you use top-down processing to interpret the visual information in light of surrounding visual cues. Visual Illusions While the two processes are often presented as competing theories, both play an important role in perception. The experience of visual illusions, for example, can illustrate how bottom-up and top-down processes influence how we experience the world. You have probably seen a number of visual illusions where random ink blobs initially just look like ambiguous shapes, but after a moment begin to look like a face. If we used only bottom-up processing, these ink blobs would continue to look just like random shapes on paper. However, because our brains are predisposed to perceive faces and because of top-down processes, we are likely to begin to see a human face in these ambiguous shapes. Brain Disorders and Damage Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a neurological disorder in which people are unable to recognize familiar faces, including their own. While other aspects of visual processing and cognitive functioning remain unaffected, people experience functional sensation but incomplete perception.?? Patients are able to perceive familiar faces, but not able to recognize them. In this case, bottom-up processing remains functional, but a lack of top-down processing makes them unable to relate what they are seeing to stored knowledge. This demonstrates how important both processes are in shaping our perceptual experiences. A Word From Verywell Bottom-up processing can be extremely useful for understanding certain elements of how perception occurs. However, research has also shown that other factors including expectation and motivation (elements of top-down processing) can have an impact on how we perceive things around us. Top-Down Processing: How It Influences Perception

The Behavior Of Children With Autism Spectrum Essay

I believe that autism can be a very scary disorder because often times it is difficult to understand. A mental imbalance is a neurodevelopmental issue portrayed by essential disabilities in social associations, correspondence, and monotonous and stereotyped practices (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Extreme introvertedness is found in guys more than females, this issue does not permit singular approaches to express or show feelings (ehow health, 2009). For example, a child with autism may find the window designs in a church interesting, and whenever he/she may study this for five or ten minutes, then come home and draw the window designs perfectly on paper. Another sample, a kid with this issue knows how to utilize innovation well, for example, PCs. In this paper, I will be discussing the behavior of children with autism spectrum in an early childhood education setting amongst their peers. They might possibly have the capacity to peruse, yet they can utilize innovation better than average. I trust that this is a useful for a classroom setting in light of the fact that they will have the capacity to take part in the exercises like little gatherings. A lot of times in small groups we have picture drawing assignments after a book has been read and discussed. We as educators do like to see how much of the book the child remembers or their favorite part of the book. Therefore, the child with autism would be able to complete this assignment successfully. AfterShow MoreRelatedThe Behavior Of Children With Autism Spectrum842 Words   |  4 Pages Autism is becoming more and more common within young children and can be noticed by the age of 24 months. The definition of Autism spectrum disorder is a steady, developmental disorder, which becomes identifiable by deficiencies in impersonation, signaling, observational learning, joint consideration, typical play, and comprehend the state of feeling (Soucy, 1997). Therefore, it makes it harder for a child to understand concepts or follow directions. These children tend to need extra help or extraRead More Behavior and Development of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders2129 Words   |  9 Pagesconcerning the behavior and development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The studies investigate how autism effects communication, socialization, cognitive development, and a number of other areas. Researchers use many different types of scales to measure and compare the difference between children with ASD and typically developing children. Methodology Study 1 Morgan, Lindee, Wetherby, Amy M., Barber, Angie (2008) Repetitive and stereotyped movements in children with autism spectrum disordersRead MoreAnalysis of â€Å"Behavior Predictors of Language Development over Two Years in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders†1505 Words   |  7 PagesThe scientific study, â€Å"Behavior Predictors of Language Development over Two Years in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders,† conducted by Karen D. Bopp, Pat Mirenda, and Bruno Zumbo was published in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. This study was conducted in British Columbia, Canada from data retrieved from a database of another study. The goal of this study was to determine if certain types of behaviors often displayed by autistic children before intervention could be predictorsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder and its Causes Essay906 Words   |  4 Pageshundred and fifty children was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Since then, there has been a drastic increase on the incidents of this disorder. In 2013, according to the Centers for Disease Control, Autism spectrum disorder occurs in one out of eighty eight children. (CDC, 2013) That is a significant increase over a relatively short period of time. With such an increase, it is important to learn what autism spectrum disorder is and what might cause it. Autism spectrum disorder is theRead MoreEarly Intervention is Crucial in Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder988 Words   |  4 Pageshas autism spectrum disorder† are words no parent wants to hear. They are words that will instill fear, worry, and sadness. When parents hear this for the first time, they will have many questions. â€Å"Is there anything I can do to help my child? If so, what can be done?† Early intervention services; such as applied behavior analysis therapy, occupational therapy, sensory integration therapy, and speech therapy before the age of three; can help improve the development of children with autism spectrumRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder1502 Words   |  7 Pagesin life. For many children and adults, they live with a disorder that dictates these behaviors and language skills to be very different from the average American. These skills they are challenged with, make it very difficult to live independently. The disorder these individuals live with is called Autism Spectrum Disorder. With early diagnosis, intervention, and proper treatment, some children with Autism Spectrum Disorder p ossibly can lead independent lives. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) isRead MoreCommunicating With Children That Have An Autism Spectrum Diagnosis1001 Words   |  5 Pages Rough Draft- Communicating with Children That Have an Autism Spectrum Diagnosis This is a very important topic for me because I have a child who is believed to be on the spectrum somewhere. We are not sure exactly where because we are still waiting to have all the testing completed, but I still have to communicate with him everyday. I will also use this information in my career as I would like to work in a pediatric setting. To better understand the children with this diagnosis I believe thatRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorders Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will discuss the characteristics or Autism Spectrum Disorder, including its symptoms, treatments, and possible causes. This paper will also highlight the differences between Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) and Asperger Disorder(AD). Autism spectrum disorders effect one in 110 births in the United States. Autism spectrum disorders are severe, incurable developmental disorders whose symptoms, including impairments in social interaction and communication, emerge during the first two years ofRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Autism Spectrum Disorders ( Asd )949 Words   |  4 Pages 1. What are the characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? As described in the textbook, there is a broad range of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). One of the first characteristics noted with ASD is language deficits, or using language in â€Å"odd† ways. As stated in the textbook, â€Å"Children with classic autism may be nonverbal. Alternatively, they may have significant language difficulties, so that their language may consist primarily of echolalia or delayed

The Secret to Good Short Essay Samples

The Secret to Good Short Essay Samples A good deal of times you might need to compose a personal essay. Also, utilize all the scratch paper you want. What you have to do is to explore the topic. Looking at IELTS essay topics with answers is an excellent approach to assist you to get ready for the test. Adding a number of the winning elements from the sample essays below will supply you with the additional marks you want to be a high-scorer on the IELTS. Students have a difficult time in writing if they don't have a draft or outline to follow. The Unusual Secret of Good Short Essay Samples Let's take a quick glance at them. The outstanding part about it's that you aren't required to sign in for your purchase. Because you just have a quick space, you have to be cautious with your word choices AND make sure that you fit in everything you've got to say in only a few pages. Things You Should Know About Good Short Essay Samples With a 100 word scholarship essay, you must jump in the thesis as speedily as possible. That means you can be ensured of superior scholarship essay examples. The essay ought to have a little bit of structure, unlike a normal essay. Stephen's essa y is quite effective. Before it is possible to pick a compelling essay topic, first you ought to comprehend why there's an essay in the very first spot. In order to supply an in-depth understanding about the argumentative essay, it is wise to take a look at some of the greatest examples of argumentative essay. A great essay should have essential points. Every argumentative essay ought to be based on a topic which can be debated. A quick memoir may be an account of one, life-changing event, or it might be reflection on a period of growth or transition. Indeed, some of life's finest offerings don't have any discernible long-term benefits. Our whole life is the procedure of learning and gaining new useful understanding. An expert biography template is meant to lessen the practice of generating printed professional biographies especially for a person who would like to reach plenty of people or institutions. Good Short Essay Samples Secrets That No One Else Knows About Finally, however, remember tha t excellent writing doesn't happen by accident. The simplest approach to specify the form of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. When the topic was decided, it's essential to come up with an argument surrounding the exact same. Any superior task finishes with an excellent conclusion and the very best examples of the argumentative essay will arrive in with a conclusion which has an overview of all of the points together with a gist of the evidences provided. The Good Short Essay Samples Game A personal essay provides the reader a glimpse of your private life experience. It is possible to also have a look at sample bios to work out how to do the full procedure of inventing an expert biography. Lastly, the detail of true speech makes the scene pop. Every examples of synthesis essay should stick to a structure to be able to convey the message in the most effective method. A Secret Weapon for Good Short Essay Samples Critical thinking is demanded! Short essays are important when one is hoping to present an important topic without needing to compose lots of words or using several pages. Showing your previous success will instill confidence about your upcoming success. An argumentative essay example will reveal the should possess some critical components which make it better in the practice of convincing. How to Find Good Short Essay Samples A great persuasive argument will use the latest data and data from verified sources. The introduction shouldn't be more than a single statement and it should give an overview of the synthesis. You require a crystal clear focus and evidence to back up your claims. You may also do some studying to learn more about the points to discuss so as to present a logical and compelling review. A brief answer essay provides the college a beneficial window into the applicant's interests. It's very beneficial to take writing apart as a way to see just the way that it accomplishes its objectives. In addition, the writing norms and specified format is going to be taken into consideration when performing the endeavor. You will need to understand how to compose an effective essay as it is a typical foundation for a student's grade.

Gallipoli Free Essays

Gallipoli Essay Gallipoli is a movie directed by Peter Weir that was released in 1981. It stars Mel Gibson as Frank Dunne and Mark Lee as Archie Hamilton. The film is about several young men from rural Western Australia (WA) who enlist for the Australian Army in May 1915, around the time that Australia first entered the great war. We will write a custom essay sample on Gallipoli or any similar topic only for you Order Now The film has three main settings and three main acts. Act one is set in WA, act two is set in Cairo, Egypt during the Australian Army training camps. And the third and final act is set in Gallipoli. During the course of the movie Archie and Frank slowly lose their innocence about the purpose of war. Through out the film Peter Weir uses film techniques such as symbolic, written, audio and technical codes (SWAT codes) to influence the viewer to have a sympathetic view towards Frank and Archie. In Peter Weir’s tragedy Gallipoli the viewer is made to feel sympathetic towards Frank through the use of SWAT codes. The viewer is first introduced to Frank Dunne in the second scene of the film in an unknown rural region of WA. When the viewer is first introduced to Frank he is with his mates and they are discussing whether to join the infantry or not. All of Frank’s mates are on board but Frank is not convinced. â€Å"If you want to go and get yourselves blown up then by all means join up. † This example symbolises how Frank is more worldly and has an idea about what really happens in war. This quote also makes the viewer immediately feel sympathetic towards Frank as that viewer gets the feeling that he’s going to leave his mates and have to be alone. This then changes when that when we realise that Frank is going to the Kimberly gift to run this is when the viewer learns that Frank is also a runner however he decides to put a bet on himself to win but the viewer can see through the use of technical codes that although he is confident enough to bet on himself he is still worried about losing the money. The use of technical codes makes this clear as the viewer is shown a close up on Franks face which has an anxious expression. This example from the film makes the viewer immediately feel sympathetic towards Frank as the viewer can see how worried Frank is about losing possibly his last bit of money through the use of SWAT codes and in this case the use of technical codes. There are many other scenes where Frank is seen to be running in most cases when he is running it usually turns out to be successful. This is also backed up through the use of sound codes. â€Å"Oxygene† by Jean-Michel Jarre is heard whenever Frank is running and in every case he usually turns out to be something happy associated the music. However this is used as a trap to the viewer when the song is once again played when Frank is running from officer Barton to General Gardiner. Immediately the viewer begins to think as though something good will happen as whenever â€Å"Oxygene† is played the viewer associates it with something positive. However it becomes obvious that something bad has happened when we see Archie get killed by Turkish soldiers. This example of the use of an audio code clearly shows how SWAT codes are used through out the film to influence the viewer to have a sympathetic view towards Frank. Through out Peter Weir’s film Gallipoli Frank becomes a character that the viewer becomes quite attached to as his character is displayed through out the film. He is seen as a wise, cunning athlete who the viewer becomes very sympathetic towards. This becomes clear from the examples which have been given in the text above. In Peter Weir’s film Gallipoli The viewer is made to feel sympathetic towards Archie. The viewer is made to feel this way through the use of SWAT codes. The viewer is first introduced to Archie in the very first scene of the Peter Weir’s film Gallipoli. The viewer is given a written code saying â€Å"Western Australia, May, 1915† This written code immediately makes the viewer feel sympathetic towards Archie as it is discovered that he is alive during the time that Australia first entered the great war the viewer also immediately makes the assumption that Archie is going to join up as written codes have suggested in the credits. Evidence of this written code that suggests that Archie may join up is in the opening credits. In gothic, blood red text the title says: â€Å"Gallipoli†. This example again makes the viewer feel sympathetic towards Archie as one may get the feeling that something bad may happen to him. Archie’s appearance is another characteristic that makes the viewer feel sympathetic towards him. Archie’s appearance is of a young faced tanned, blonde haired ‘typical Australian’. His appearance also symbolises Australia as a nation in being that it is a very young country. This symbolic code that Peter Weir has used helps the viewer feel sympathetic towards Archie as the viewer may feel that he is just too young o go to war. In the examples given above it becomes clear how the viewer is positioned to have a sympathetic view towards Archie through the use of SWAT codes. Overall I enjoyed Peter Weir’s film ‘Gallipoli’ I found that it had a sad yet comedic view to it and showed the Australian culture during the early years of its federation. The film also showed how nothing good comes out of war and that ma ny young people with infinite potential such as Frank and Archie were killed because of some body else’s war. The film also made the viewer feel in a sympathetic way towards the main characters Frank and Archie. The viewer is positioned to feel this way through the use of film techniques known as SWAT codes. Examples of when these codes are used are shown through out the film have been shown in text above via examples of speech quotes from the film, camera angle and technique analysis, audio analysis, and written text quotes. Through all these examples of where SWAT codes have been used it becomes very clear how the viewer begins to have a sympathetic view towards Frank and Archie. How to cite Gallipoli, Papers

Oceanography Chapter 6 Essay Example

Oceanography Chapter 6 Paper Of the following statements about the transfer of heat on Earth, which is/are true? -air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes-water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas-ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes How would a moving object in Earth’s atmosphere be deflected as a result of Earth’s rotation? to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere What is the Coriolis Effect? the deflection of moving objects to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the North Pole toward the equator? toward the right Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the South Pole toward the equator? toward the left Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the North Pole toward the equator? toward the west Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the West Coast of the United States toward the East Coast of the United States? toward the south Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the East Coast of the United States toward the West Coast of the United States? toward the north Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the east coast of South Africa toward the west coast of South Africa?Which way would an airplane deflect if flying from the east coast of South Africa toward the west coast of South Africa? toward the south Which direction would an airplane deflect if flying across South Africa from the west coast to the east coast? toward the north Even though it’s on the same spinning planet, the Coriolis effect influences moving objects and diverts them to the _____ of their intended direction in the Northern Hemisphere and to the _____ of their intended direction in the Southern Hemisphere. right; left The Coriolis effect is _____ at the equator and is _____ at the poles. zero; strongest The Coriolis effect is caused by the rotation of the Earth Of the following physical properties of the atmosphere, which is/are true? -air always moves from high-pressure regions toward low-pressure regions-the air temp. is warmer near earths surface than in the upper part of the troposphere-low pressure at the surface is associated with rising air (movement away from the surface)-warm air holds more water vapor than cool air What is a tropical cyclone? a low-pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters Where are tropical cyclones found? lower and middle latitudes Which of the following names mean tropical cyclone? hurricane, cyclone, typhoon Why is heavy rain associated with hurricane formation? Rising, moist air cools. As air cools, water condenses and eventually falls. Why is warm, moist air considered the fuel for a hurricane? Why is warm, moist air considered the fuel for a hurricane? How big can the diameter of a hurricane become? 500 miles Earths polar regions (above 60Â ° latitude) are classified as deserts because cold, dry sinking air in the polar high regions produces little precipitation How does the Coriolis effect cause the atmosphere to move around high and low pressures in the Northern Hemisphere? -The coriolis effect causes air to move counterclockwise around low pressure-the coriolis effect causes air to move clockwise around high pressure Which of the following temperature and humidity conditions are most likely to be experienced in eastern Iowa after the cold front passes? cold and dry In the eastern Pacific of the Northern Hemisphere, which ocean temperatures are associated with the most hurricanes? 27 to 29 degrees C Which of the following associations between hurricanes—also known as typhoons and cyclones—and wind direction is most accurate? an east-to-west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the western Atlantic between 10Â ° and 20Â ° degrees north latitude Which of the following statements best describes the general relationship between ocean currents and hurricanes? Warm ocean currents and hurricane paths both broadly move from east to west between 10Â ° and 20Â ° degrees north latitude in the eastern Pacific. What is a cyclone? a center of low atmospheric pressure Which way does air converge on a cyclone in the Northern Hemisphere? in a counterclockwise direction Which way does air converge on a cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere? in a clockwise direction How does air move near the top of a cyclone? in the same direction as air in the upper atmosphere Why are cyclones generally associated with clouds and rain? air in cyclones undergoes cooling as it rises What is an anticylone? an center of high atmospheric pressure Which way does air move in an anticyclone in the Northern Hemisphere? down, and in a clockwise direction Which way does air move in an anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere? down, and in a counterclockwise direction Why are anticyclones not generally associated with clouds and rain? air in anticyclones undergoes warming as it decends Hurricanes frequently make landfall on the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coasts, but rarely, if ever, occur on the Pacific coast. The primary reason for the rarity of west coast hurricanes is that the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the __________ scale. Saffir-Simpson Light and variable winds, warm and humid conditions, and frequent rainfall are characteristic of __________ oceanic climate zones. equatorial What is a cyclone? a center of low atmospheric pressure Which way does air converge on a cyclone in the Northern Hemisphere? in a counterclockwise direction Which way does air converge on a cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere? in a clockwise direction How does air move near the top of a cyclone? in the same direction as air in the upper atmosphere Why are cyclones generally associated with clouds and rain? air in cyclones undergoes cooling as it rises What is an anticylone? an center of high atmospheric pressure Which way does air move in an anticyclone in the Northern Hemisphere? down, and in a clockwise direction Which way does air move in an anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere? down, and in a counterclockwise direction Why are anticyclones not generally associated with clouds and rain? air in anticyclones undergoes warming as it decends Hurricanes frequently make landfall on the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coasts, but rarely, if ever, occur on the Pacific coast. The primary reason for the rarity of west coast hurricanes is that the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the __________ scale. Saffir-Simpson Light and variable winds, warm and humid conditions, and frequent rainfall are characteristic of __________ oceanic climate zones. equatorial Of the following statements about the trade winds, which is/are true? The trade winds generally blow from eat to west-The trade winds are strong and steady winds, hence the name-The trade winds are found between about 5 and 30 degrees north or south latitude Of the following statements about the doldrums, which is/are true? -The doldrums are an area of low atmospheric pressure. -The doldrums are found as a global belt along the equator. -There is usually little wind but a lot of rain associated with the doldrums. -This is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). -The doldrums are the boundary between the northeast trade winds and the southeast trade winds. Surface winds in the tropics generally blow from the east towards the equator Which of the following are valid names of boundaries between global wind belts or at the poles? -the polar high -the polar front -the doldrums -the horse latitudes Hurricane Katrina moved 425 km during which of these time periods? August 28 at 10 A.M. to August 29 at 10 A.M. The organized, denser portion of Hurricane Katrina (not including the wispy outer spiral bands) was: 900 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M. Which of the following statements about sea-surface temperatures during the time period covered by the animation is correct? The coldest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 27Â °C. Which of the following statements regarding sea-surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico during the time period covered by the animation is correct? Sea-surface temperature decreased after the passage of Hurricane Katrina due to the latent heat of condensation. Which of the following statements about water temperatures at 25Â ° N, 84Â ° W from August 25 to August 30 is correct? The temperature decreased from 32Â °C to 27Â °C. Where do glaciers form? in places where more snow falls in the winter than melts away in the summer What is the snow line? the elevation above which snow persists throughout the year What is the zone of wastage? the part of a glacier where snow melting exceeds snow accumulation Under what conditions will the front of a glacier remain stationary? Glacial fronts remain stationary when melting and snow accumulation are equal. What is an end moraine? a ridge of debris deposited at the end of a glacier How does an end moraine form? Pieces of rock are transported to the front of a glacier as ice within the glacier moves. Will plucking occur if a glacier is not advancing? Yes, because glacial ice is still moving inside the glacier even if the glacier’s front is not advancing. The thickness of sea ice is limited primarily by the insulating nature of the ice itself Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are associated with middle latitude storms, such as those that originate in the North Pacific Ocean between 40 and 60 degrees latitude? the prevailing westerlies contrasting air masses the jet stream the polar front Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are generally related to the formation or movement of hurricanes? -warm ocean water -the trade winds -waters latent heat of condensation -warm air with lots of water vapor Weather (short-term conditions of air temperature, wind speed/direction, precipitation, and atmospheric pressure) occurs because Earths surface is heated unevenly by the sun The percentage of solar radiation reflected from the surface of Earth back into space is known as the albedo An increase in Earths tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers As discussed in the video, air always moves from _____ atmospheric pressure regions to _____ atmospheric pressure regions. high; low Earths atmosphere is heated primarily by re-radiation of solar energy from Earths surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation A zone of high atmospheric pressure results when there is relatively __________ air aloft. cool; dry

Destructive Electromagnetism essays

Destructive Electromagnetism essays Electromagnetism exists everywhere. When people drive, walk, or even go to the beach. However, due to the extreme complexity of the topic, electromagnetism has proven to be a subject studied by those who are crafty and willing enough to explore the domain. The ideas of electricity start from simple objects such as springs, coils and magnets that simply created a current for some sort of affect to either start or light some object. Now these theories have expanded to a point where our everyday lives are affected by it. When people start their cars for example, a magnet turned by a flywheel generates current through coils to help ignite the cars electrical system. In short, electromagnetism exists everywhere in our everyday lives. There are many examples of electromagnetism effecting technical objects of todays society. One particular example would be radar devices used for tracking ships, cars, or even submarines. The ideas of sending out a signal composed of a wave of certain frequency and wavelength returned at a certain time can be used to find objects or map out underwater territory. Use of similar techniques allows for policemen to radar speeds of drive-by cars. Although, crafty engineers have created stealth devices that are able to mask their speed by accepting the radar beam and by scrambling it via frequency changes or simply send the same signal back at a delayed time thus justifying a slower speed. This is just a mere fraction of the uses of electromagnetism. Another possible use for electromagnetism would be on the vile side of destruction. There are many aspects of electromagnetism. One of the fiercest uses is as a weapon. EM guns, tanks, and devices are harmful and more dangerous than normal guns and missiles due to their non-ballistic style of weaponry. Unfortunately, this horrendous idea is true. Dates as far back as 1940 have shown that EM guns h ...

Elemental Composition of the Human Body by Mass

Elemental Composition of the Human Body by Mass This is a table of the elemental composition of the human body by mass for a 70 kg (154 lb) person. The values for any particular person may be different, especially for the trace elements. Also, the element composition does not scale linearly. For example, a person who is half the mass may not contain half the amount of a given element. The molar amount of the most abundant elements is given in the table. You may also wish to view the element composition of the human body in terms of mass percent. Reference: Emsley, John, The Elements, 3rd ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998 Table of Elements in the Human Body by Mass oxygen 43 kg (61%, 2700 mol) carbon 16 kg (23%, 1300 mol) hydrogen 7 kg (10%, 6900 mol) nitrogen 1.8 kg (2.5%, 129 mol) calcium 1.0 kg (1.4%, 25 mol) phosphorus 780 g (1.1%, 25 mol) potassium 140 g (0.20%, 3.6 mol) sulfur 140 g (0.20%, 4.4 mol) sodium 100 g (0.14%, 4.3 mol) chlorine 95 g (0.14%, 2.7 mol) magnesium 19 g (0.03%, 0.78 mol) iron 4.2 g fluorine 2.6 g zinc 2.3 g silicon 1.0 g rubidium 0.68 g strontium 0.32 g bromine 0.26 g lead 0.12 g copper 72 mg aluminum 60 mg cadmium 50 mg cerium 40 mg barium 22 mg iodine 20 mg tin 20 mg titanium 20 mg boron 18 mg nickel 15 mg selenium 15 mg chromium 14 mg manganese 12 mg arsenic 7 mg lithium 7 mg cesium 6 mg mercury 6 mg germanium 5 mg molybdenum 5 mg cobalt 3 mg antimony 2 mg silver 2 mg niobium 1.5 mg zirconium 1 mg lanthanum 0.8 mg gallium 0.7 mg tellurium 0.7 mg yttrium 0.6 mg bismuth 0.5 mg thallium 0.5 mg indium 0.4 mg gold 0.2 mg scandium 0.2 mg tantalum 0.2 mg vanadium 0.11 mg thorium 0.1 mg uranium 0.1 mg samarium 50 g beryllium 36 g tungsten 20 g

A critical comparison of texts Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

A critical comparison of texts - Term Paper Example Most of the Chuan qi stories involved some aspect of the supernatural, and often involved humans interacting with supernatural creatures and spirits. The Chuan qi genre is only one of the five forms of fictional Chinese literature, and has four thematic story groups within it, those being historical stories, supernatural stories, stories of knighthood and errantry, and love stories. The love stories of the genre deal with the acts of keeping faith and breaking faith. A creature of another realm could attain human form and gain its liberty by keeping faith with a human; likewise, a human who broke faith with a spirit entity could take on bestial habits and become beasts themselves. The idea behind the two was that one could not happen without the other; there was an even exchange that took place, and as long each participant offered something essential, no retribution took place. But, if one party broke the equation or the exchange, the situation became serious. The moral being that a balance was always to be maintained.1 (Pg.518). T’ang writers brought about the Chuan qi style at a time when the neoclassical movement in prose created a steady foundation for story narration. T’ang subject matter and literary material was taken from the rich, invigorating, cultural livelihood of the big city. Writers of the Chuan qi stories were mostly well-educated men who gathered in the capital city trying to make a name for themselves through either fame or through political advancement. While the Chuan qi genre of story telling often employs elements of the supernatural, the writers tried to tell interesting stories that were straight forward, and devoid of flowery poetic language. Supernatural events occur alongside human interaction, instead of replacing it, and city workers and dwellers are depicted in their everyday lives. Chuan qi stories can be described as tales of the marvelous, and are usually written in the classical

Salman Rushdies The Jaguar Smile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Salman Rushdies The Jaguar Smile - Essay Example The historical narrative also highlighted several political behaviors. The most important of this is that its political culture is constantly being remade and is largely induced or influenced by external forces. This was demonstrated in the way the United has directed the Nicaraguan politics through the Somozas and how it caused the economic collapse of the country by imposing a trade embargo afterwards as a way to pressure and impact policy. This kind of intervention has already happened previously. Neighboring countries such as Mexico and even Britain have intervened in differing periods in the past. This has led to a kind of political culture in the country today that is characterized by an inherent desire to repel foreign enemies. The political success of the Sandinistas is the most glaring example of this phenomenon. Two-thirds of the electorate voted the Sandinistas to power in 1984, demonstrating the public displeasure for the US-armed Somoza, putting an end to years of Americ an intervention (Kenworthy 66). This behavior is also depicted in the strong desire to prevail or, at least, survive in the chaotic Central American politics. By Rushdie’s accounts and criticisms of the different Nicaraguan regimes, it became clear that the leader who held power tend to become autocratic and totalitarian. Even the Sandinistas themselves who wanted to be free from the previous repressive government eventually started muzzling the press. Censorship became such an important issue that Rushdie, himself, could not turn a blind eye although he still refused to call it despotic or comparable to the previous dictatorial government. This variable appears to highlight the distinctive... In order to understand the themes of the essays in the Jaguar Smile, it is important to reflect on the background of the Nicaraguan history during the Sandinistas' rise to power. The Jaguar Smile was published in 1987 after Salman Rushdie was invited by the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. It chronicled a period of the country's political history at the height of the Sandinista political movement. The narrative is the result of Rushdie's three-week long sojourn in Nicaragua. It provided enough materials for the author to document the Sandinistas' path to power. Essentially, the book used this subject as the landscape for his themes. In the process, he was able to provide a valuable account on a period in Central American history that has been characterized by a nation-building that typifies most of the Latin American experiences in addition to the American neo-colonialism. Fundamentally, it is a story of the underdog, rising to defeat stronger foes: the Anastazio Somoza Debayle dictatorship and, later, the US, through the Honduran Contra forces. In addition, the discourse of resistance in The Jaguar Smile has revealed several important insights about the political behavior of the players in the narrative. The implication of this point is that The Jaguar Smile is influential as a political text. It formed part of the long list of work concerning colonialism and nationalism. It revealed to the world how neocolonialism could stunt nation-building and breed a political culture that can eventually work against the hegemon.

Importance Of Accuracy And Fluency English Language Essay

Importance Of Accuracy And Fluency English Language Essay Accuracy and fluency are two key components of second language acquisition. In todays world, it seems that learning the usage of grammar and focusing on accuracy are emphasized by many language students over fluency. This topic of accuracy and fluency has been a controversial issue that has been discussed for many years. Although some formalists argue that learning a language means learning forms and rules, some activists take a different view and claim that learning a language means learning how to use a language (Eskey, 1983). Thus, this essay will argue that accuracy is not necessarily more important than fluency. It depends on learners needs and the purpose of instruction in second language acquisition. In order to demonstrate this, this essay will first focus on the importance of accuracy and fluency in English learning and show that they are both essential by looking at two different teaching methods. Second, it will turn to discuss both accuracy and fluency in term of learner goals, learner variables and instructional variables. Third, it will suggest what language teachers should do to deal with the issue and find the right balance between them. The importance of accuracy and fluency In this section, it will be argued that both accuracy and fluency are needed in second language acquisition. There has been much discussion about these two components, with arguments put forward in support of either one of the other. However, it will be shown that neither component is useful without the other. Early teaching methods promoted accuracy over fluency. For instance, the Grammar-Translation Method has been used by language teachers for many years. It is the traditional style of teaching method emphasizing grammar explanation and translation (Cook, 2001). In such a method, it is important for students to learn about the form of the target language. The role of the teacher is the authority. Students merely do what the teacher says and learn from the teacher, and many students consider that correct answers are essential. If they make errors or do not know an answer, it is the teachers duty to supply them with the correct answer. However, accuracy cannot be regarded as enough in language learning. According to Larsen-Freeman (2000), in the Grammar-Translation Method, the language that is used in class is mostly the students native language. In this case, there is much less attention to second language speaking and listening. When it comes to speaking and listening skills, fluency needs to be taken account in language learning. For this reason, other methods have emphasized fluency in language learning. It is clear that these approaches are built on learning the use of language not on learning the usage of it. For example, compared with the Grammar-Translation Method, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasizes the process of communication rather than just focusing on language forms (Larsen-Freeman, 2000). Since the concept of CLT places an emphasis on fluency, errors of form can be seen as a natural outcome of the development of communication skills. Another argument in favour of fluency is the implementation of language in an authentic environment. In the real world, language is mostly used to express feeling and thought (Eskey, 1983). When there is a purpose to exchange meaning, fluency is the key element during communication. While communicating with each other, foreign language learners often encounter the difficulty, that is, what they know how to say does not achieve their communicative intention. In order to bridge the gap of such discrepancy, learners may use communicative strategies, such as prediction to make the communication successful. This is because if communicators are in the same context, one may predict what the other is going to say next. For example, before the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, taxi drivers in Beijing were trained in order to obtain English speaking ability so that they could communicate with foreign tourists fluently. In this situation, although the taxi drivers were poor at grammar rules, they still can communicate with foreigners. This is because the driver can predict where the foreign passenger will go since their destination may be related to the Olympic Games. In this case, although some grammatical errors exist, communicators can still understand each other because they are in the same context. When listeners can not understand what speakers mean, they usually predict the following conversation and provide immediate response with speakers in the process of meaning negotiation. However, it must be remembered that the achievement of this level of communicative competence does not mean an equal one of grammatical competence (Eskey, 1983). As Eskey (1983: 319) claims, fluency in a language is no guarantee of formal accuracy. A realistic concern is that focusing on fluency may cause the significant effect on accuracy. According to Eskey (1983: 319), rewarding a learners fluency may, in some cases, actually impede his or her achievement of accuracy. For example, in order to get meaning across, language learners find the words, but they either pronounce them wrongly or put them together inappropriately. Such problem happens due to the fact that they can speak English continually but express themselves poorly. Thus, although accuracy is not enough by itself, it is still considered as necessary in language learning. Although learners can still communicate the message to make sense without correct form, it can not be denied that in order to use the language, learners still need to be able to convert linguistic forms into the ability to actually use then. Therefore, when using CLT approach, correcting for accuracy will still be offered by teachers. Although prediction in communicative context may benefit successful communication, fluency is not enough in this circumstance. Without accuracy, misunderstanding may occur because of misspelling, poor pronunciation and grammatical structures. It is therefore clear that as language teachers, both fluency and accuracy must be equally concerned in teaching students to use a language. The elements towards focusing on accuracy and fluency As the first section has mentioned, both accuracy and fluency are needed in the process of language learning. In this section, it will be argued that although these two components are equally necessary, there are three elements that may influence focus on them. The first element to consider is learner goals. It is suggested that many ESL teachers facilitate their students to develop communicative competence to really use the language for authentic purpose. Nonetheless, what students learn from the teacher may not be the outcome that the teacher supposes them to acquire. For example, if Thai children learn English in a rural Thai village, the outcome of language achievement may not all be positive. This is because these children do not need to use English as a tool in their daily life. In contrast, if Thai children learn English in order to sell products to foreigners, then there may be concern about a purpose for communicative competence. Moreover, if they want to pursue higher education in England, accuracy needs to be focused in language learning. Therefore, it seems that the need for accuracy and fluency relates to what goals learners want to achieve. It is considered that learner variables are also a key element which influences the focus on accuracy or fluency. According to Celce-Murcia (1985), a strategy guideline is provided to assist teachers in determining what degree they ought to focus on form in their own classes. In his study, learner variables include age, proficiency level and educational background. It is noted that every individual learns in different ways. Compared with adolescents and adults, young children seem to be more holistic in learning a concept instead of doing apparent analysis. This is because they are too young to analyse the structure of a language. Therefore, if young ESL learners are taught, it is most likely that little grammar instruction is needed. However, if the students are adolescents or adults, focusing on form may be more important. It is also suggested that education level is relevant to focus on accuracy or fluency. This is because teaching learners with preliterate level differs from teaching ones with literate level. If adults are at the level of beginners with little formal education, then focusing on form will be less important while fluency is the top priority. On the other hand, if the learners are at the intermediate or advanced level and are well educated, accuracy may be required and it may be necessary for the teacher to provide some feedback relating to form correction in order for them to make progress. Therefore, focusing on accuracy is not enough, fluency still needs to be concerned in terms of learners age, proficiency level and educational background. Moreover, instructional variables can be seen as the third element, which includes skill, register and need. It is suggested that the need of focus on accuracy and fluency also changes according to the purpose of the instruction. For instance, according to Celce-Murcia (1985), when the teacher is teaching receptive skills, such as listening or reading, the emphasis on form will be less important, since these skills require competence primarily in word recognition. Nevertheless, this does not mean accuracy can be neglected, because when knowing grammatical structure, learners can build up logical connection between sentences, which facilitates both listening and reading comprehension. On the other hand, if the teacher is focusing on productive skills, such as speaking and writing, then formal accuracy will become an essential concern. In addition, it has to be remembered that fluency is still needed for communication purpose. This is because if the teacher is offering a conversation class which purpose is for learners to really use the language to communicate with others, then fluency will be emphasized. Furthermore, if the learners immediate need is survival communication, formal accuracy is less focused. On the other hand, if the learner wants to use the language in a professional field, such as writing an academic essay or being a diplomat, then a high degree of formal accuracy is essential. The higher the stakes, the more likely that accuracy will be important (Eskey, 1983: 318). Therefore, it is clear that both accuracy and fluency are needed and whether focusing on accuracy or fluency depends on learner needs and course objectives. Approaches of finding balance between accuracy and fluency a) Course design and needs assessment Based on these three elements mentioned above, it is suggested that teachers should find the right balance between accuracy and fluency. Eskey (1983) argues that: Teachers must be prepared to deal with students who know grammar rules but can not speak the language fluently; likewise, they must also be prepared to deal with students who are fluent but not accurate (Eskey, 1983). In order to balance accuracy and fluency in language learning and teaching, it is suggested that both these components need to be taught in the process of learning situation. Thus, in this section, it will suggest methods of keeping a balance between accuracy and fluency in term of course design and needs assessment. It has been argued that many language learners have learned grammar rules, but when they want to express themselves, they do not have enough authentic experience of using languages (Celce-Murcia, 1985). Such result may be due to the fact that teaching materials does not provide learners with the context relevant to the communicative situation. In order to solve this problem, Celce-Murcia (1985) suggests an integrating grammar instruction into a communicative curriculum providing purposeful task-based discourse samples. For example, for the general purpose language learners, their beginning level course may start with teaching grammar-meaning correspondences, such as present tense versus past tense. By giving the time frame, students can easily distinguish the difference between these two tenses. After that, students are then taught grammar-function correspondences, such as the tone of must is stronger than need to. As soon as these two basic levels have been established, the teacher can offer discourse-level grammar, such as use of conjunctions. In this case, students not only acquire the grammar rules which focus on accuracy but also apply it for purposeful discourse which focuses on fluency. By this course designed to integrate form, meaning and content, it is possible for learners to balance accuracy and fluency in the communication (Celce-Murcia, 1985). However, there is a simple question about why learners need to balance accuracy and fluency. The answer to this question relates to English for specific purpose (ESP). According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987), courses should be designed to meet learners needs. This may suggest that language teachers should note which learners need more attention on accuracy or fluency. To achieve this goal, for instance, teachers need to gather information about learners needs on accuracy and fluency and identify their target situation by using questionnaires, interviews, observation and informal consultations with learners before a course. Having done this, teachers analyse strategies required to cope in target situation, and then create syllabus which is a document saying which aspect needs more effort on accuracy or fluency. After that, select and design materials to focus on these strategies in syllabus. Finally, after teaching the materials, teachers establish evaluation procedures to test lear ners acquisition of accuracy and fluency (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). b) Evaluation and feedback In this section, it will be argued that course design and needs assessment are not enough. The evaluation and feedback afterwards from learners can also help teachers find the right balance between accuracy and fluency. Evaluation can be defined as a whole process of action which begins with decision of information gathering and ends with change in current courses or influence on future ones (Dudley-Evans and St John, 1998). According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987: 145), an ESP course, after all, is supposed to be successful. This is because it is designed for particular learners to achieve particular objective with language level of accuracy and fluency. There are two levels of evaluation. The first one is learner assessment. Students performance is assessed at strategic points, such as at the beginning and at the end of the course. This is because ESP concerns with the necessary skills for particular learners to carry out communicative tasks. This kind of assessment enables teachers to determine how much focus on accuracy and fluency is needed (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). As ESP teachers, they need to consider if the objectives are too ambitious for learners. If so, the learners initial language competence may be overestimated. For example, a teacher designs a syllabus by analysing students needs. Students are expected to present written work and make an oral presentation in accurate English. After teaching, the teacher may find that serious weakness in grammar leads to unclearness of students oral presentation. Although the course contains the objectives of achieving certain level of accuracy and fluency, perhaps students achieve more on either one of them, and then students will require more specific help by teaching both accuracy and fluency used in the context relevant to their needs. The second one is course evaluation by learners. This helps teachers to demonstrate how well the course actually meets a particular educational aim. Therefore, evaluation not only reflects learners performance on accuracy and fluency during the process of learning but also shows how effective students feel the course was. In this case, if they feel the ESP course fails to meet their goal, then there must be something wrong with course design or methodology. It is therefore clear that both learner and course evaluation have a similar function in providing feedback on the ESP course (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). Moreover, the feedback of the learning outcome is essential not only for students but also for teachers. This is because feedback reflects students learning achievement on accuracy and fluency and the effectiveness of teaching. Therefore, how to evaluate learning and teaching to obtain feedback is important to teachers. In order to find the balance between accuracy and fluency, evaluation and feedback are essential not only at the beginning of the course but also after the instruction. Conclusion In conclusion, although accuracy has been emphasised by many language students, as the three sections mentioned above, it can clearly be seen that both accuracy and fluency are important at different needs for different people of different priorities. Despite the fact that some arguments show that accuracy is essential for learners to acquire linguistic form to produce the language, this is not enough. Fluency is still needed considering the language implementation in an authentic environment. This essay has suggested that both accuracy and fluency are needed in second language acquisition. Whether to focus more on accuracy or fluency depends on learners needs and course objectives. Therefore, language teachers can find the right balance of accuracy and fluency by using an ESP approach to design courses relevant to the needs and objectives. Thus, these courses can maximise the effects of teaching and learning through evaluation and feedback. Although ESP can solve this problem, teachers ability to design the course should be taken into consideration. Therefore, it is suggested that teacher training program is certainly necessary and the real development may be made in the future.

Childhood Constructions

Childhood is the period of time stretching from infancy to adolescence (teenage) stage of life. Issues, theories and concepts have been put forth attempting to put some meaning to childhood. For instance the modern society perceives children as passive and surviving at the mercies of the wider society. Adults do not seek to learn anything from the children and they assume that childhood is a period meant to transform kids into dependable adults. There is a need to view childhood differently to be able to respond positively to their needs and to understand the stage as crucial in helping us understand adulthood and humanity in general. As a matter of fact, childhood experiences, plays a vital role in shaping the later stages of life. Childhood is perceived as a social structure, which determines the ideal institutions where proper childhood development would be ensured. Generally, social structures offer both opportunities one is exposed to and limitations are determined by a child’s socio-economic background and its physical endowments (Stearns, 2003). A child in ideal situation is expected to have two parents who provide everything and ensure moral uprightness. The child is given enough time to relax and has siblings. The parents are expected to provide security and facilities for play. Parents commence preparations for the infant long way before the mother delivers the kid. However, in terms of childhood development, from a historical perspective, the early American society never celebrated infancy. Childhood was characterized by missing parental care, high rate of infant mortality. There was not time for taking the kid through all the stages of growth and development. Where parents were missing due to reasons like death, young children were charged with the task of taking care of the others. However, good morals were upheld all through. Child labour was prevalent as well as early marriages. In the late 1700s and early 1800 there was growing concern on childhood. Between 1840s and 1900s socio-economic changes taking place revolutionized the ideal of child upbringing. Parents became more concerned about children; they started emphasizing on child education. A scientific aspect was incorporated in child rearing whereby child development was closely monitored. Racial concerns arose. Industrial development led to improved standards of life and reduced childhood deaths. However, some children especially of immigrant families were still in slavery. These children were poorly treated subjected to much work and not allowed to go through formal education. Some children ended up in orphanages where proper care was ensured. Other children went missing and still others would end up dying. In the twentieth century children were regarded as of economic value. They offered cheap labour earning highly needed wages in the family. There was a rising need to occupy the kids with work to discourage laxity. In the contemporary society children are perceived as of less economic value. Infact childhood is regarded as an economic liability. Children, spend more of parents’ financial resources than they contribute to the same. Young children’s perception of things in the US and the world at large has been subjected to a number of influences. Their access to information materials and gadgets like TV, video and computer exposes them to a wide field of knowledge. These triggers and stimulate a mental process that generates a diversified perception of issues to do with life. For instance, programmes on TV and videos showing modern family life would touch issues like children rights. Children acquire knowledge on family issues like the role of parents in a family, career, and family conflicts among other issues at a very tender age. It is not amazing to realize that some programmes highlighting crucial family issues like divorce, separation, child abuse appear on screen long way before the kids succumb to sleep. As a matter of fact, the media has made the children to feel like they are their own caretakers. It is worth noting that in some programmes, adult voices and perceptions have been superimposed on very young children. Romantic movie clips and actual programmes are not rare on TVs in the early evening hours. This most assuredly influences children’s perception of issues to do with sexuality, love, hate and social conflicts. In some movies, a character commits suicide, murder or causes chaos in their attempt to either express themselves or to get out of trouble. All these happenings are bound to model the character and personality of children since they are also exposed to similar circumstances in this world. No wonder cases of young snipers have been reported in the recent past in our society. The greatest challenge and risk is that parents and guardians cannot exercise full control over what their children go through and their exposure to information materials. Children can virtually access any information anywhere even if they are denied access at home. Due to social-economic problems some parents have ended up in serious conflicts. A man and his wife settle scores physically when reason fails to avail solutions for their pressing issues. This has exposed many children to utter violence and most of them perceive this world as a harsh and chaotic place and some develop aggression in their bid to conquer life’s challenges. Other end up violent when their tactics fail to work. Children face challenging and conflicting situations both at home and away from home. With increasing social-economic challenges, children of the world are exposed to situations that influence their character and personality very early. Many parents who are especially keen on child development are very anxious and rather troubled due to the deteriorating morals and social values. Evil is inculcated in children’s lie s at very early stages of child’s development and some caretakers are simply watching desperately as their children vanish in the mire of moral rottenness. Parents and guardians are increasingly concerned about the eventualities given the direction the current (modern) society has taken. For instance, drug use and abuse at childhood stages. Drug use is a commonplace thing in schools. It is a matter of great concern since a drug addicted young generation spells doom to the future of the society. Lack of sobriety among the youths would result to stagnating social-economic systems. The other nagging issue is about the dwindling interest in schooling. Children seem to pursue entertainment and quick money earners at the expense of a formal system of learning, which incorporates all aspects of human growth development. This produces a dull; dump and unrealistic clique that would lack the remotest idea of how to progressively run the socio-economic aspects of our society. Fun centers are always congested. Youngsters are pursuing fame and money (wealth) at all costs in some instances with dire consequences. The young generation seems to be dragging the entire society into Hades. Learning institutions seem to design their programmes to suit the whims of the learners this basically being a result of constant expression of fear and anxiety by parents whose children’s performance grow dismal. The fear by the parents is that the children are bound to develop disinterest in education if their performance worsens. There is an increasing desire to score high grades and join better and highly ranked higher learning institutions. Those who fail to measure up resort to entertainment parlors. A mention of physical growth, fitness or posture would cause some emotional tremor. This is an issue of great concern among Americans. High economic development rate has made many young people afford high calorific foods. Eating habits have changed and cases of obesity have been increasing day after day. However, the increasing concerns about the issue of body size, weight, posture and fitness is the reason behind the fast rate of growth of the fashion beauty and modeling industry. This raises a myriad of questions about the extent to which the children should be allowed to make decisions about their physical and emotional development. Most parents are extremely anxious about the developments that may arise during the course of growth and development of their children. Streets trodden by youngsters struggling to bear massive weight are commonplace in America. The issue of physical development among other social challenges affects a child’s self esteem. For instance, an obesed child is likely to develop low self-esteem. Poor academic performance would also have similar effects on the self-esteem of a child. Parents are especially concerned about eating habits of their children but it still remains an evasive issue since many eateries are being put up offering high calorie and very attractive foods. What leads the youngsters to such eating habits and poor dietary programmes remains a very tricky puzzle. As the parents battle with the issue of food, one would point an accusing finger at them since some abandon their duty as mothers at very early stages of child development. For instance, some due to careers quit breastfeeding a couple of days after delivery. The responsibility of feeding the child rests squarely on baby sitters, some of who might either lack crucial knowledge on proper diet or others out of defiance dump unhealthy foods into the child’s tummy. A child graduates to teenage with the same problem. Boredom is a feeling that would quite well describe the emotional orientation of most youths in our society. Every formal system seems to be a bore to the young generation. Schoolwork is boring and many are reluctant to pursue higher education. Parents are very much concerned about the amount of homework assigned to the children. On one hand the children feeling bored by the too much task given by the teachers to be tackled at home by the children; on the other hand, the parents feel that too much homework denies them control over the activities performed by their children during their time with them at home. Teachers still feel that they have an obligation to steer learning among the children to greater heights. How a compromise would be struck given the above situations remains a hard nut to crack. This concern revolves around not only the issue of homework assigned by teachers to children but also around other chores both at home and away from home. The government is on very high alert concerning issues to do with child labour. The problem is how to determine what amounts to child labour. Determining how much work a child should be given at home and elsewhere is an issue to be debated upon. With the growing enlightenment on children rights is bound to be a bone of contention. However, hiring of children to work in the manufacturing and processing industries remains out of question and punitive measures should be meted on whoever commits such a disorderly thing. A great deal of anxiety rests in the hearts of parents and guardians when an issue of special needs arises. How such children are handled matter a lot. There is a need for more schools that can handle such cases. But parents are more concerned about their welfare. Children with both physical and mental disadvantages are not easy to cater for and the number and capacity of the institutions handling such might not be adequate and this has been the essence of parental concerns. Another issue arises when a consideration is made on whether to surrender the disabled children or other children with special needs full time to such special institutions or part timely. With the busy parent schedules this becomes a big issue. Children are also exposed to traffic risks. How roads and streets are manned determines how safe or unsafe children can be on the roads. Children use roads frequently on foot either from schools or other events and occasions. Road safety for children is an issue of concern among parents. Issues range from delays in traffic snirl-ups to accidents both in public service vehicles or private cars. Though rare, parents are also afraid in case a child sneaks a car out of the homestead. Concerns about children safety do not only arise on the roads but also at home and elsewhere. Safety in the house, on the compound and away from home arouses great concern among parents. Parents strictly and keenly monitor the activities of the children whenever they are around them. At times they are concerned about the punitive measures taken by teachers against the children. Another issue about safety arises when a babysitter comes into the scene. Fear engulfs parents concerning the level of safety a babysitter would ensure on children. Babysitters might not have a deep emotional attachment to the child. Negligence by a babysitter would pose a safety risk and also physical and psychological anomalies. There is also a risk of child abductions. Parents are afraid of situations whereby after allowing their children to move around freely, they end up under the custody of strangers who later turn up demanding hefty amounts of cash before they release them. This is not uncommon with the escalating crime levels. Other concerns include infant sexual exploitation. There have been a number of cases of infant sexual exploitation in the American society. The worst is when a close relative is implicated in the vice. Children are constantly exposed to such dangers, especially with the weakening social ties and parents busy schedules which rob them of the opportunity to constantly and consistently monitor their children’s activities. Many self-confessed victims of sexual harassment have brought to our attention the looming danger. The society has almost reached a state of moral decantation. Some people seem to have lost their sense of reason. Children below five years of age have fallen victims. Other concerns that leave parents torn between issues touch the areas of toilet training. How it is conducted at that tender age determines the psychological development of the child. Some parents lose their patience when the child turns out to be a slow learner. This according to psychoanalysts tends to behavioral maladjustments later in a child’s life. This again raises the issue of whether or not the mother is the one charged with the responsibility of conducting the exercise. Babysitters are known to be harsh especially when the children are unco-operative. However some mothers subject their children to harsh toile training. Many parents are usually anxious about how fast their children learn to control their bowel movements. Another issue of paramount concern is breast-feeding. The stage of growth and development at which an infant is weaned (or stops breastfeeding) contributed a great deal to the physical and psychological development of the infant. A child who stops breastfeeding early than expected is likely to develop poorly physically and psychologically. This also tampers with the emotional attachment between the child and the mother and the child is likely to develop defiant behaviour later in life. Parents are afraid and anxious about future development of their children given their early administration of bottled foods. The changing social structures coupled with the negative publicity carried out by the media have also caused too much anxiety among parents. Family ties are weakening and many parents are opting for divorce or separation. Children are majorly the sufferers. Media never ceases to feature movies that uphold violent behaviour and crime. Infact movie stars are perceived even by youngsters, as heroes who murder many and commit the vilest things. Children have their role models in movies. Romantic movies are filled with scenes portraying hatred, jealousy, obscenity, murder, suicide and revenge. The young children are adopting the same negative traits and some are living out the characters they see in the movies. Family feuds are not rare occurrences in our society. To sum up, childhood development and child upbringing are issues that parents are very much concerned in America. Parents face numerous anxious moments in their efforts to bring up their children in the most ideal conditions and ways. Readership of publications highlighting issues concerning childhood is growing tremendously as parents battle with the challenges they encounter in control over their lives of their children. The wider society on the other hand has a major role to play in shaping the character of the young. There is a tag of war as the two scrambles for control. Parent’s concerns and anxiety is genuine and valid. Every adult in the US should feel responsible for the upbringing of the upcoming young generations. The media should be instrumental in promoting proper childhood development by designing programs that uphold acceptable childhood behaviour as well as educating all childhood social institutions on the most ideal ways of bringing up children. And the government should provide structures that promote proper childhood development. A central issue that has been raised over time is about childhood innocence. In the earlier times infants were perceived as innocent. However with the emerging issues in the society and exposure of sexual materials by the media, children are exposed to sexual issues and abuse at tender stages of growth and development. One would wonder whether children are innocent as earlier perceived or not. The society, including media should feel responsible for shaping childhood. The fashion industry should be more responsible to admit the right ages. A fairer comparison should be drawn between children and adults. Children should be enlightened on their right, and the dangers and risks they are exposed to. Much light should be she on the existing opportunities available for the children to fully exploit their talents.

Z B SOLUTIONS LTD - Business Plan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1949 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Z B SOLUTIONS LTD Business Plan Contents Executive Summary The Business Objectives Vision Mission Keys to Success Values Goals Services Marketing Strategy Pricing Strategy Competitive Edge Market research The Origins of Islamic Finance Islamic Finance Today The Future of Islamic Finance Competitor Research Conclusion Contact Us Executive Summary Z B SOLUTIONS LTD was created by its Director MR MUHAMMAD ZIA ASHRAF BUTT on 19/06/2014 to assist businesses to best manage their finances so as to increase productivity and make responsible decisions. As more and more businesses are interested in the idea of ethical investments; drawing them towards the idea of halal financing and Islamic banking; Z B Solutions Ltd will be available at hand to provide relevant solutions to the smaller businesses that are not actively targeted for these halal solutions. The aim of the business is to give small businesses the choice of finance solutions and provide these solutions at an economical rate so as to promote the importance and value that finances have within a business. Z B Solutions Ltd is ideally located in Manchester which is the entrepreneurial hub of the North. This means that the business can target the majority of SME businesses located in the vicinity. Director, MR MUHAMMAD ZIA ASHRAF BUTT aims to recruit professionals that will understand what means most to businesses locally in order to provide a service that is more than just a job. The Company will tailor its services to the needs of its customers and provide a personal service. Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will focus on providing accurate financial information, promoting innovation, reducing business risks, enhancing transparency and identifying business opportunities. The Company will aspire to satiate its customers with its knowledge and expertise. The Director aims to create close, long-term, mutually beneficial relationships with his customers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Z B SOLUTIONS LTD Business Plan" essay for you Create order The Business Z B SOLUTIONS LTD was incorporated on the 19th of June 2014 and has been set up as a company limited in its shares, to provide financial risk analysis services to businesses in the locality. It is currently based at 13 HANNAH STREET, MANCHESTER, M12 5SN and another more suitable location will be considered in the near future so as to accommodate other employees. MR MUHAMMAD ZIA ASHRAF BUTT owns all the 100 shares of the Company at the present time. He founded the business after achieving the degree of Master of Arts with Merit, in Islamic Banking, Finance and Management, from the University of Gloucestershire, and gaining experience of working with other businesses. He has high expectations of the Company and expects to deliver quality services to its customers. Z B SOLUTIONS LTD currently employs only its director, but aims to have acquired a minimum of 5 other employees by third year operations. The business also currently enjoys a start-up capital of  £50,000 that h as been made available by Mr. Butt. Objectives Our Objectives are: To provide a specialist service for business that want to conduct their finances according to their religion. To create an innovative, friendly and determined working environment for employees. To build a solid client base through honest marketing and good reviews. To generate revenue per in line with inflation. To expand and change our services based on industry trends and customer needs. To provide employment opportunities within the local community. Vision At Z B SOLUTIONS LTD, we view to exceed our customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ expectations. Our consultancy will lift our customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ innovative ideas and will help them stand as improved businessmen. The plan is to develop a sustainable financial management companythat generates valuefor our customers.We want to double our customer base every year until year 3 at least. Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will offer comprehensive financial planning services to our customers, and we aim to employ more educated and certified staff, to be able to widen the range of services we provide. Mission The mission of Z B SOLUTIONS LTD is; To have a range of consultants with expertise in each business area. To start providing our services in the local area and expand to other areas after gaining a name and experience. To build a brand name for our company, promoting our à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"honesty and excellenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ To continue to research into business trends and stay up to date with technological and legislation changes. Keys to Success The Keys to the Success of Z B SOLUTIONS LTD lie in the following: Maintaining customer satisfaction. Being accurate and honest. Providing online services for customers. Developing business visibility via different marketing methods. Concentrating on Quality of Service before Quantity. Values Z B SOLUTIONS LTD values its: Accountability Professional Service Excellence Leadership Integrity Respect Goals At Z B SOLUTIONS LTD, we want to grow and be successful. To do this, we have set ourselves some small goals. These are; To initially outsource administrative, and other work for which we do not have staff. (This will help us keep costs down, while we do not need the services of full time staff) To provide employment opportunities in the local area. This will ensure that we have the necessary expertise and resources to effectively provide a wider range of professional services. To change our marketing campaign with time and need. Services Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will provide the following services: Analysis and evaluation of the customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ current business operations and requirements. Examining any problems, relating to management of finances, within the customer business alongside the customer. Recommending solutions to better manage the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s finances with an aim to increase productivity. Producing a report for management, to show recommendations, their costs and benefits. Assisting the implementation of solutions and recommendations that have been agreed upon. Liaising with other financial service providers in order to ensure smooth completion of project and seamless hand off. Halal / Islamic Management and Financial Advice will be provided to those businesses wishing to follow the guidelines of the Islamic Shariah. The Company aims to increase its service provision to include other financial services so as to provide a more complete service to its customers and increase its competitive edge. This will be achieved through the recruitment of other skilled professionals. Marketing Strategy Our target market will be young and experienced SME businesses in Lancashire Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will market our services by: Advertising on The Yellow Pages, 192.com, Scoot.com and other such classified websites. Listing our business with all local business directories and associations Developing a brochure to be distributed to local businesses, key business leaders, at workshops, seminars and to potential customers. Becoming an active member of business and consulting associations. Networking with the local business community. Using personal social circle to help à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"spread the wordà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. And, Developing a website highlighting key services and level of expertise. Pricing Strategy Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will adopt a penetrative pricing strategy initially so as to attract customers and to overcome the barrier that might be faced due to being a new business. Competitive Edge Although the recent financial crisis caused a lot of large consulting firms to downsize and many other businesses to shut down, the UK is now recovering from this crisis and a lot of new businesses have appeared which is causing an increase in competition and resulting in the increase to the threat posed to the business. In order to gain a good market share, Z B SOLUTIONS LTD will not only give its customers an expert service, tailored to their needs; but will also attract customers through a penetrative pricing strategy and an innovative niche approach to finances tailored to those who wish to manage their corporate finances in compliance with their religious legislation. Market Research Since Z B SOLUTIONS LTD specializes in the provision of services relating to Islamic Finance otherwise known as Sharia Compliant Finance (SCF), the director has researched the Islamic Finance sector, its history and future projection below. The Origins of Islamic Finance The idea of Islamic Finance first saw its origins developed between the eighth century and the twelfth century. It picked up the form of modern financing in the 1950s and 60à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, when the subject of interest free banking was researched by authors such as Muhammad Uzair in 1955, Nejatullah Siddiqi in 1960à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and Baqir Al-Sadr in the 70à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. In 1963, Ahmad Elnagger undertook a pioneering effort to set up sharia compliant banking in a small town known as Mit Ghamr in Egypt, and this effort was closed down by the government in 1968. Although this effort was shut down, it had given birth to a new way of thinking and nine other banks had set up with the same idea in the country. The 1973 oil crisis and the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"October Warà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ assisted the development of this sector which led to the set-up of the Islamic Development Bank in 1975. This was set up to provide funding to projects within member countries. The Dubai Is lamic Bank in 1975 was the first bank to become a modern commercial bank, although it offered very basic products that were highly influenced by conventional financial products. In 1995, there were approximately 33 such banks worldwide that were government run, 40 Islamic private banks and 71 Islamic investment companies. 2008 saw the growth of the Islamic Banking system at a rate of 1pproximately 15% per annum, and according to the Global Islamic Financial Review, over the last 30 years, the Sharia-compliant finance sector has grown to $1.6trillion in assets. This banking sector has now be-come difficult to ignore even by the Non-Muslims with over 300 institutions in over 51 countries across the globe. According to Ernst Young, the 20 leading Islamic banks in the world have been growing at an astonishing rate of approximately 16% per annum in the last 3 years. This has attracted the attention of Muslim and nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Muslim investors worldwide. Islamic Finance Today According to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Economistà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, today an estimated 822 billion US dollarsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ worth of Shari-ah compliant assets are managed worldwide and this banking sector is increasingly attracting Muslims and non-Muslims alike. As an example, Muslims make up a 5% of the UK population, yet the UK has more Sharia-compliant banks than any other Western country. This is because the social and political views in the UK and the West are becoming increasingly pro-Islamic Banking. Muslims may be interested in the idea of Islamic Banking and Finance so that they can be more compliant with their religious practices. However, non-Muslims have shown a great interest in Islamic Banking, not only because it has an aspect of social-responsibility which appeals to customers much in the same way as a green products would appeal to an environmentally conscious customer, but because the industry has grown rapidly and has the potential to tap into huge, previously untap ped, investor funds from Malaysia and the Gulf as well as Africa. Recently, at the 2013 World Islamic Economist Forum, David Cameron disclosed that he would like à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“London to stand alongside Dubai and Kuala Lampur, as one of the great capitals of Islamic finance anywhere in the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This shows a promise for Islamic Banking related business to profit and succeed within the industry if the company is managed well. The Future of Islamic Finance As two of the largest Islamic finance markets; the countries of the Gulf and Malaysia, recover, a growing investor market is being realized with enough investment capital to make a huge difference. This will mean a further growth in the Islamic Banking and Finance market which will be quickly capitalized on by Z B SOLUTIONS LTD. Conclusion From the research above, it is evident that Z B SOLUTIONS LTD has a decent plan for business, in a growing sector that has further potential. Z B SOLUTIONS LTD also has a good strategy to be able to harness this potential and use it to grow the business for the financial betterment of its owners, and employees as well as the betterment of the economy and locality.